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First Nations of the Torres Strait

(Status : Public)
Coordinated by BlackWords Team
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    This collection of informational trails are under development in 2019. They will continually evolve as new works and information about writers are added to BlackWords. 

  • Torres Strait Islander Languages and Stories

  • Governance and Location

    Torres Strait Regional Map
    Courtesy of TSRA.
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    assertion

    Torres Strait Island Regional Council (TSIRC) represents: Badu, Boigu, Dauan, Erub, Kirriri, Iama, Kubin Community at Moa, Mabuiag, Masig, Mer, Poruma, Saibai, St Pauls Community at Moa, Ugar, Warraber.

    The Torres Shire Council (TSC) represents: Thursday Island (including TRAWQ and Port Kennedy), Ngurupai (Horn Island), Muralag (Prince of Wales Island), and part of the Torres Strait and Northern Peninsula Area.

    Northern Peninsula Area Council (NPARC) represents three Aboriginal communities of Injinoo, Umagico, and New Mapoon; and two Saibai Islander communities - Seisa and Bamaga.

  • Torres Strait Islanders Communities

    The Torres Strait Islands comprises eighteen islands, and two Northern Peninsula Area communities.There are 5 Torres Strait Islander communities and clusters of islands. They are:

    Northern Islands

    • Boigu (Talbot Islands, including Aubisi Island and Moimi Island)
    • Dauan (Mount Cornwallis). The traditional language is Kalaw Kawaw Ya.
    • Saibai. The language of Saibai is Kalaw Kawaw Ya. Saibai Islanders are closely tied to Papuans.  

    Western Islands

    • Badu (Mulgrave Island). Traditional language spoken on Badu is Kala Lagaw Ya.
    • Arkai (Kubin) Community (Mua/Moa Island)
    • Wug (St Pauls) Community (Mua/Moa Island)
    • Mabuyag (Jervis Island, traditionally known as Gumu). There are two communities on Mabuyag: Gumuligal of Wagedagam, and the Mabuygilgal people of Paipaidagam. Both communities speak a dialect of Kala Lagaw Ya.

    Central Islands

    • Iama (Yam Island, also Turtle-back Island). The language of Iama is Kulkalgua Ya (dialect of Kala Lagaw Ya)
    • Masig (Yorke Island)
    • Poruma (Coconut Island)
    • Warraber (Sue Island) 

    Eastern Islands 

    • Mer (Murray Island). There are 8 Mer Meriam) tribes: Komet; Zagareb; Meuram; Magaram; Geuram; Peibre; Meriam-Samsep; Piadram; Dauer Meriam. The people of Mer Island primarily speak Meriam and Torres Strait Creole.
    • Ugar (Stephen Island). Meriam Mer is the traditional language of Ugar. 
    • Erub (Darnley island). Languages spoken on Erub are Creole and Meriam Mer.

    Southern Islands

    • Kirriri (Hammond Island)
    • Muralug (Prince of Wales Island)
    • Ngurupai (Horn Island)
    • Thursday Island  
    • Northern Peninsula Area Communities (including Bamaga and Seisia)

  • These five communities are represented as the five pointed star on the Torres Strait Islander flag. TSRA identifies the green stripes as land, the black stripes as people, and the blue as the sea.

    The flag was designed by the late Bernard Namok. An inscription on Bernard's monument reads: 

    "What the flag stands for.

    1.   The two Green lines represent the mainlands of Australia and Papua New Guinea;
    2.   The Blue between these two continents is the blue of the Torres Strait waters;
    3.   The Black lines represent the people of the Torres Strait;
    4.   The one symbol I feel can identify any islander anywhere is the Dhari (headdress);
    5.   The 5 points of the Star are our Island groups, the Western, Eastern, Central, Port Kennedy and (N.P.A.) Mainland. The Star is also used in the navigation and important for the seafaring people of the Torres Strait.
    6.   White represents peace."

    The flag was adopted and recognised by the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission in 1992. It was granted 'Flag of Australia' status in 1995.

  • Traditional Languages

    There are two traditional languages of the Torres Strait Islands: Meriam Mir (Eastern Islands), which has two regional dialects - Mer (Mer (Murray), Waier, Dauar) and Erub (Erub (Darnley) and Ugar (Stephen); and Kala Lagaw Ya (Western and Central Islands), which contains four dialects - Mabuyag, Kalaw Kawaw Ya, Kawareg, and Kulkalgau. Torres Strait Creole (also known as Ailan Tok or Yumplatok) is also spoken by Torres Strait Islanders. It is a mixture of Australian English and traditional languages, and developed after contact with missionaries in the 1800s.


    Early populations of the Torres Strait belonged to five groups or nations, determined by place of origin, languages and customs, and associations with peoples, they were: Saibailgal (Top Western Islanders), Maluilgal (Mid-Western Islanders), Kaurareg (Lower Western Islanders), Kulkalgal (Central Islanders) and Meriam Le (Eastern Islanders).

    The Nineteenth century brought many different peoples to the area for pearling, settlement and so on, from areas including Europe, Pacific islands, the Philippines, Indonesia, Singapore and Japan. The introduction of missionaries to the Islands heavily influenced language spoken, and Creole was increasingly used.


  • Torres Strait Islands in BlackWords

    The BlackWords team has so far identified more than two hundred and sixty authors and storytellers who identify as Torres Strait Islander. Prominent storytellers from this region include Eddie MaboSamantha Faulkner, Terri Janke, and John Harding.  


    Discover more Torres Strait Islander writers and storytellers

    Discover all records related to the Torres Strait Islands in AustLit

    Find all works in Torres Strait Languages

    Discover all records with subject term 'Torres Strait Islander Australians'

    Discover works set in/about Torres Strait Islands in BlackWords  |  in greater AustLit

    Or, conduct your own Advanced Search


    Warning: Please be aware that this work may contain images of people who are now deceased.


    Readers are advised to explore resources available at the Australian Institute for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS) website and the zoomable map of Indigenous Australia, developed as a part of the Encyclopaedia of Aboriginal Australia


    Sources include: AustLangAIATSIS, Anna Shnukal, TSIRC, TSC, NPARC, Monument Australia.

  • Torres Strait Islander People - Their Stories and Poems

  • Eddie Mabo

    image of person or book cover
    Image from Wikimedia Commons

    Eddie Mabo is the son of Robert Zezou Sambo and Annie Mabo of the Piadaram clan. After Eddie's mother died in childbirth, he was adopted under customary law by his uncle Benny Mabo and aunt Maiga. In the 1950's Eddie worked on various trochus fishing luggers out of Mer. At the age of seventeen he was exiled from Mer by the Island Council. Eddie moved to the mainland and worked at various labouring jobs and at the age of twenty three he married Bonnie Nehow and they had 10 children.

    See full AustLit entry

    Eddie Mabo is most well known for his campaigns for Aboriginal land rights: he fought for legal recognition of the 'continued ownership of land by local Indigenous Australians.'

    BlackWords has recorded 50 works about Eddie and his stories. See in particular:

  • Samantha Faulkner

    image of person or book cover
    Image courtesy of Samantha Faulkner 2014.

    Writer and poet, Samantha Faulkner is from the Badu and Moa Islands in the Torres Strait and the Yadhaigana and Wuthuthi/Wuthati peoples of Cape York Peninsula. She has represented women and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander interests on local, state and national boards and has been a Director of the ACT Torres Strait Islanders Corporation.

    Faulkner began her love of writing poetry when she was a teenager. It was during the 1990s, that she received a research grant from the Australian Institute for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies to research and document her grandfather's life story, which led to the publication of her work, Life B'long Ali Drummond : A Life in the Torres Strait in 2007.

    See full AustLit entry

    Samantha Faulkner is a prolific poet. She has also written autobiographies, life stories and short stories.

    See in particular:

  • Terri Janke

    image of person or book cover
    Image courtesy of the author.

    Terri Janke is a Wuthathi and Meriam woman and an internationally recognised authority on Indigenous Cultural and Intellectual Property (ICIP), known for innovating pathways between the law and the cultural rights of Indigenous peoples and communities. As the owner and Solicitor Director of Terri Janke and Company, a Sydney based law firm, she is dedicated to empowering Indigenous peoples to assert their ICIP rights and prosper in their business and creative endeavours.

    Terri is an influential advocate for positive collaborations and engagement, having written leading ICIP protocols for various sectors including the arts, museums, archives, film and business.

    See full AustLit entry
  • Drama and Film about and by Torres Strait Islanders

  • Carry the Flag

    image of person or book cover

    'There is a rich and powerful story stitched into a few pieces of coloured fabric of a man whose design created meaning for a nation of people once invisible to the mainland of Australia. Celebrate the 25th anniversary of the creation of the Torres Strait Islander Flag as we journey into the Straits with Bala B to uncover and honour the life and times of his late father – Bernard Namok Senior, the flag’s creator.' (Production summary)

    (...more)
    See full AustLit entry
  • Nakkiah Lui

    image of person or book cover
    Image Credit: ABC News.

    Nakkiah Lui a playwright who grew up in Western Sydney and is the daughter of a Gamilaroi woman from Gunnedah and a Torres Strait Islander. As a playwright she had drawn from her own life and community in the Mount Druitt area, and wrote her first play whilst studying in Canada.

    Nakkiah was the first recipient of both The Dreaming Award by The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island Arts Board of the Australia Council; and the Balnaves Foundation Indigenous Playwright award.

    See full AustLit entry

    Nakkiah Lui is a multi-award winning film and theatre writer, a comedian and an actor.

    See in particular:

  • John Harding

    John Harding is a descendant of the KuKu Yalanji tribe and the Mer people. He was co-founder of the Ilbijerri Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Theatre Co-op in Melbourne. The first play produced by the Co-op was Harding's Up The Road, which was subsequently performed at the Belvoir Street Theatre, and then toured nationally.

    Harding has been an actor, and has worked in Aboriginal affairs and education. He has been writing poetry since the age of 14, and has written and directed drama for theatre, radio and television.

    See full AustLit entry

    John Harding is a prolific playwright, and poet. He has won several awards for drama, and early in 1992 he was awarded NAIDOC Artist of the Year.

    See in particular:

  • The Straits (TV series)

    Screen cap from promotional trailer

    'Set among the turquoise waters and lethal wildlife of Australia's Far North Queensland and the Torres Strait, The Straits is an exotic, darkly humorous crime drama.

    'The Montebellos are not your average Australian family. Modern day smugglers, their family business is transporting drugs into Australia and guns and exotic wildlife out, making use of ties of blood and loyalty in the Torres Strait Islands.

    'When Harry, the head of the family, starts to plan his succession, a power struggle is sparked between brother and brother, wife and daughter.

    (...more)
    See full AustLit entry
  • Water / John Harvey

    image of person or book cover
    Film Poster.

    'Under strict population control measures, Layla faces the reality of her unregistered pregnancy.'

    Source: Melbourne International Film Festival.

    (...more)
    See full AustLit entry

    John Harvey is a director, writer and producer of film and drama. In 2018, his other work Heart Is a Wasteland was nominated for a Green Room Award.

  • Fragments of Malungoka - Women of the Sea

    'Fragments of Malungoka – Women of the Sea explores what Ghenoa’s female ancestry means to her as a mainland-born Torres Strait Islander woman. By sharing her culture with an ensemble of non-Torres Strait women, Ghenoa integrates traditional influences with contemporary movement and technology. ...' (Source: National Indigenous Times, 10 May 2016 on-line)

    (...more)
    See full AustLit entry

    See also Ghenoa Gela's other works Winds of Woerr and My Urrwai.

  • Torres Strait Islander Fiction

  • Butterfly Song / Terri Janke

    image of person or book cover
    Image courtesy of publisher's website.

    Tarena Shaw has just finished her Law degree but isn't sure if she wants to be a lawyer after all. What place does a black lawyer have in a white system? Does everyone in Sydney feel like a turtle without a shell? Drawn to Thursday Island, the home of her grandparents, Tarena is persuaded by her family to take on her first case. Part of the evidence is a man with a guitar and a very special song... Butterfly Song moves from the pearling days in the Torres Strait to the ebb and flow of big city life, with a warm and funny modern heroine whose story reaches across cultures.

    (...more)
    See full AustLit entry
  • Grace Beside Me / Sue McPherson - young adult fiction

    Courtesy of Magabala Books.

    'A warmly rendered story of life in a small town that interweaves the mundane with the profound and the spiritual. Told through the eyes of teenager, Fuzzy Mac, awkward episodes of teen rivalry and romance sit alongside the mystery of Nan’s visions and a ghostly encounter. Against a backdrop of quirky characters, including the holocaust survivor who went to school with Einstein and the little priest always rushing off to bury someone before the heat gets to them, Grace Beside Me is full of humour and timely wisdom.

    (...more)
    See full AustLit entry

    This book was also adapted to a tv series - Grace Beside Me.

  • Brontide / Sue McPherson - young adult fiction

    image of person or book cover
    Image courtesy of publisher's website.

    'Rob; (and his brother Pen) white Aussies. Rob is completing Year 12, going to schoolies, working as an apprentice in his dad's company and loves his dog, Nig. Rob believes real men take risks.

    'Pen; fifteen-years-old, storyteller, graffiti artiste extraordinaire with a penchant for male anatomy. Pen is liked by everyone. Pen and Benny Boy are mates.

    'Benny Boy; fifteen-years-old, Aboriginal, loves drawing, fishing and living with his awesome (white) foster Nan.

    (...more)
    See full AustLit entry
  • Torres Strait Islander Stories for Children

  • Kin Island / Terri Janke (2011)

    image of person or book cover
    Image courtesy of publisher's website.

    'Jake’s more interested in video games than in his family background. Visiting the Torres Strait Islands changes all that. He even braves a cyclone to help his Nanna.' (Source: Publishers website)

    (...more)
    See full AustLit entry
  • Bakir and Bi / Jillian Boyd & Tori-Jay Mordey

    Image courtesy of Magabala Books

    'Based on a Torres Strait Islander creation story with illustrations by 18-year-old Tori-Jay Mordey. Bakir (rock) and Mar (storm bird) live on a remote island called Egur with their two young children. While fishing on the beach Bakir comes across a very special pelican (Bakir’s totem is a pelican) named Bi. A famine occurs, and life on the island is no longer harmonious. One day Bakir and Bi disappear and Mar and the children are forced to make the journey to another island by canoe ... and so begins the adventure.

    (...more)
    See full AustLit entry
  • Our Pet Pelican / Carol Mooka & Laura Mooka

    www.blackinkpress.com.au
    'The book is based on an event that really happened during Carol and Laura's childhood in the Torres Strait Island community on Prince of Wales Island, near Thursday Island..The story is also a precautionary tale about issues of quarantine, relevant today, in the light of pandemics such as bird flu.'(Source: Black Ink Press website, www.blackinkpress.com.au) (...more)
    See full AustLit entry
  • Dabu, the Baby Dugong / Selena Solomon & Dennis Nona

    Image courtesy of Magabala Books
    'From the Torres Strait comes this moving story about Dabu, a shy baby dugong, and his family, the great dugong herd, as they face the dangers of sea life and the traditional hunters that roam their feeding grounds.' (Source: Publisher's blurb) (...more)
    See full AustLit entry
  • Children of the Torres Strait

    image of person or book cover

    These stories and drawings came from children of the Sacred Heart School, the Thursday island Primary School, and the Horn Island School". (Cover)

    (...more)
    See full AustLit entry
  • Teter Mek and the Mystery of Pearl Shell Island

    image of person or book cover
    This image has been sourced from Booktopia

    'Clunk! When a canoe crashes into the hull of the pearling boat Nimah after a huge storm, the crew is amazed to find a young girl aboard - but she's lost her memory and can't speak! Is she an Islander? Where is her family? How did she end up there? Follow Ben and Mimi and the rest of Nimah's crew as they try to uncover the mystery of Pearl Shell Island the lost girl with no voice.' (Publication summary)

    (...more)
    See full AustLit entry
  • Anthologies, Autobiographies, Biographies and Life Stories

  • Myths and Legends of Torres Strait

    Courtesy of UQP

    The stories in this collection were obtained at thirteen islands, within the archipelago of the Torres Strait, between Cape York, the northern point of Queensland, and the south coast of Papua New Guinea. The Islanders, despite nearly a century of continuous and increasing contact with European ways and thought, have been able to retain unbroken links with their past. It is these people, who over a period of four years, made a conscious effort to pass on to the general reader, whether they live in Torres Strait or elsewhere, part of their heritage which is embodied in legend and myth.

    (...more)
    See full AustLit entry

    Click on the work record above to discover a full text version of this book. This anthology contains many works by Torres Strait Storytellers including Wees NawiaMota CharlieTimothy AkibaMoses DauBenny Mabo, and more.

  • Family (Yarning Strong Series, 2014)

    image of person or book cover
    Cover image courtesy of publisher.

    'This anthology explores the life of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ families, today and in the past. There are stories on ongoing tradition, of loss and sadness, and of new beginnings.' (Source: Publishers website)

    (...more)
    See full AustLit entry
  • Indigenous Australia : Standing Strong

    image of person or book cover
    This image has been sourced from web
    'Indigenous Australia: Standing Strong is an exhibition of Penny Tweedie's work. It depicts the lives and work of more than sixty young Australians; celebrating their enterprise, achievements and culture.' Source: Sir William Deane (...more)
    See full AustLit entry
  • Tries, Lies and Meat Pies : The Sam Thaiday Story

    image of person or book cover
    Image courtesy of publisher's website.

    'Sam Thaiday is one of rugby league’s most highly regarded and respected players. Often seen as one of the last true larrikins of the game, Sam has entertained Brisbane Broncos, Queensland State of Origin and Australian fans over his sixteen-year career.

    'But behind that playful facade and infectious grin is a deeply caring and thoughtful individual, a family man who is passionate about working for equality in the community. Sam’s book reveals his family connections to the Torres Strait, how it was his mum who taught him how to pass, tackle and how to throw a punch (just in case it ever came up), how he married his high-school sweetheart, and his wishes for his daughters’ futures.

    (...more)
    See full AustLit entry
  • Steady Steady : The Life and Music of Seaman Dan

    image of person or book cover
    Image courtesy of Publisher website
    'Born on Thursday Island in 1929, Seaman Dan didnt release his debut album, Follow the Sun, until his 70th birthday. In the next ten years he released five albums, showcasing traditional music from the Torres Strait, as well as those revealing his love of jazz and blues. Steady, Steady: The life and music of Seaman Dan is replete with Uncle Seamans stories of his active and sometimes dangerous life in the islands in the heyday of pearl diving and other jobs, and his later development as a professional singer/musician. (...more)
    See full AustLit entry
  • Mura Solwata Kosker : We Saltwater Women

    image of person or book cover
    This image has been sourced from online.
    'Provides insights into the struggle for Indigenous women's rights in the Torres Strait Islands, through reflections of an outstanding pioneer. Ellie Gaffney shares with present and future generations her personal journey, overcoming hurdles faced by Torres Island women to establish Mura Kosker Sorority as a platform for change (Libraries Australia). (...more)
    See full AustLit entry

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